薄板坯连铸连轧复习资料

promotion of employment, form a reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution, build a more fair and sustainable social security systems, medical and health system reform. The plenary, innovation of social governance, must focus on the maintenance of fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, maximize factors, enhance social development, improving social governance, the interests of national security, ensure that the people live and work, social stability and order. o improve social governance, stimulating social organization, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, improving the public security system, set up the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy to ensure national security. Plenary session, the construction of ecological civilization, you must establish systems of ecological system, using the system to protect he ecological environment. o improve natural resources asset property right system and use control, red line of delimitation of ecological protection, resources paid use system and ecological compensation system in ecological environment protection management system reform. Plenary session, centering on building a listening party command, can win and having a fine style of the people's army, a strong army under the new situation of the party Goals, restricting the development of national defense and army building is solved outstanding contradictions and problems, innovation and development of military theory, enhance military strategic guidance, improve the military strategy in the new period, building a modern military force system with Chinese characteristics. o deepen the adjustment of personnel system reform in the army, military policy and system reform, promote the development of military and civilian integration depth. Plenary session stressed that comprehensive reform must be to strengthen and improve the party's leadership, give full play to the core role of the party commands the overall situation and coordinating all parties, improving the party's leading water ... Margin. Challenged the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong thought by Deng Xiao-ping's flag, replaced by three representatives and the harmonic society. The former Communist Party spirit and social cohesion point of almost all political makeover. Characteristics of socialism public ownership is shifting to private ownership, planned regulation and market regulation, the proletarian regime controlled by the elite. Of universal equality, fairness and basic principles of distribution system is socialist society, however after economic monopolized by powerful, vested interests grow, employers do not have the same status, hardly seems fair social distribution. State key protection of capital interests rather than the interests of citizens, had been hits the bottom of the proletariat1、薄板坯连铸连轧:避开传统的大断面，尽可能浇铸薄的板坯，去掉传统的粗轧机组，直接进入精轧机组，轧出所要求的板带材。 2、铁素体轧制:是粗轧仍在奥氏体状态下完成，然后通过精轧机和粗轧机之间的超快速冷却系统，使带钢温度在进入第一架精轧机前降低到Ar3一下，完成γ→α相变，即→完全铁素体。 3、液芯压下:在铸坯出结晶口后，对其坯壳施加挤压，液芯仍保留在其中，经二冷扇形段，液芯不断收缩纸质薄板全部凝固。 4、ISP :在线热带生产工艺。 6、板形:板带材平直度，即是，波浪形，瓢曲或旁弯的有无及程度而言。 板带的几何尺寸精度：包括纵向厚差+板形精度（包括横向厚差和板形平直度。） 7、无间隙原子钢:IF钢，由于C、N含量低，在加入一定量Ti、Nb使钢中的C、N原子被固定为碳化物和氮化物，从而使钢中没有间隙原子的存在。 1、轧机的布置形式及特点？ 1）连轧：轧机布置紧凑，轧制过程中温度加速度易于控制，在奥氏体区域进行，无论是单块还是半无头轧制是十分有利的轧制过程。缺点：不能进行铁素体轧制。只有一次除磷，易造成表面质量缺陷。中间无剪切，对轧制时穿带不利。 2）1+6：精轧和粗轧之间不形成连轧，在两者之间可以设加热炉进行补温，生产灵活，可以采用比较厚的坯料，产量高。二次除鳞，表面质量较好。精轧机入口厚度减薄，提高入口速度，改善轧件工作条件。缺点：需要一座加热炉，不能进行铁素体轧制。 3）2+5：精轧和粗轧形成连轧关系，在两者之间设有高压水除鳞，剪切机控冷系统。优点：能较好的控温，能进行铁素体轧制，便于事故的处理，减少事故处理时间，两次除鳞表面质量较好有利于轧制，飞剪切头尾，有利于穿带，有利于产品性能的控制和优化。 2、影响板形的因素：轧辊的线（热）膨胀；轧辊的磨损；轧辊的弹性压扁；轧辊的弹性弯曲；轧辊的原始磨削形状； 控制措施：1）轧辊的热凸度可以采用沿辊身调节冷却液分布方法予以控制。 2）a先轧宽和薄、公差要求严格的产品，然后随着轧辊的磨损，依次改变规格，向较窄和较厚的热膨胀；b用改变辊温分布和方法来弥补磨损的影响，即随着轧辊的磨损，相应地增大磨损部位的热膨胀。 3）决定辊缝形状的不是压扁的绝对值，而是压扁沿辊身长度的分布。4）计算考虑工作辊与支撑辊间压力的不均匀分布。5）正确设计轧辊原始磨削形状。 3、第一代、第二代薄板坯连铸连轧的特点: 第一代：工艺流程紧凑、简化，投资成本低，能源消耗低，产品质量高。它首次将连铸、温度均匀化和热轧三个工艺阶段连接在一起，可有效地生产高质量的热轧带钢。 第二代：1）各种薄板坯连铸连轧工艺的结晶器断面尺寸都有了相应变化，根据液芯压下量的大小在浇铸前和浇铸中灵活设定铸坯厚度来适应终轧带卷厚度的要求。2）实现了半无头轧制和铁素体轧制，并且终轧产品厚度可做到超薄带尺寸（≤0.8mm）3）温度均匀段——加热炉的长度加大。 4、薄板坯连铸连轧多工序协调原则： 1）合理压缩比的确定以及可能的最小化；2）一火成才原则； 3）充分利用铸坯自身热量以及由再加热得到的热量；4）形变与相变的结合； 5）轧机系统的紧凑化原则以及临界参数； 6）工序间秒流量——温度——时间的平衡连续/缓冲协调。 7）形状尺寸控制与表面质量控制；8）为后续表面处理的优化创造条件。 bviously, face China's Socialist system, the Communist Party is not the party. In that case, political chaos has been very tight. Is remodeling or reconstruction, is a correction or a stove. Whether to turn right or left, is back to the source or put forward new political ideas. This is to determine the road problems in China, is also the key out of the deep water of the reform of the economic system. After 18, the new Central collective leadership attaches great importance to political orientation. First, the \cles\starting point, starting from the Central Government's self-restraint, which preaches and pro-image, brought fresh feeling to the community. Secondly, before reform and opening up and reform and opening two periods after non-negative, untying the tangle of the society a long time on this issue. Third, a new generation of party leaders on various occasions to Mao Ze-Dong and Mao Ze-Dong's thought of evaluation has room for manoeuvre, through to the ruling ideology of Mao Zedong thought, is the call of the soul to the Socialist Revolution and construction. Empty talks jeopardize national interests and try again, is an affirmation of Deng Xiao-ping's reform ideas. These strong political signal showing a new generation of political leaders is still keeping to the Socialist road. Four is revisiting the \o Ze-Dong's historical cycle of\ofile anti-corruption and the importance of the Constitution, reorganization is bad style of officialdom, was to civilize people obey the law, while improving the color change of the regime of vigilance. Five is to reform into deeper waters and stressed that top-level design, this is a review on the reform and opening up in the past, is also looking for a way out. Six foreign and Russia closer, the flexible attitude on the issue of the Korean peninsula, Sino-Japanese fishing hardline China on the island out of the \nt\ow profile shadow began to gradually plan development. Signs show that the new leadership began to make a left turn in politics. However, as of right now, not only ideological confusion in the community, the new leadership's thinking is messy. New leaders both stressed the need to implement the Constitution, stressed the need to turn off the power in a cage. Also stresses that Mao Zedong thought cannot be lost, 30 years after the reform and opening up 30 years ago can not deny each other. Both advocate democracy and release \n does not speak of\cal constraints. Neither deny the history of the CPC Central Committee on several issues ...Comrades: today brings together members, mainly in order to provide a platform to Exchange and learn from each other in order to facilitate our work. Just now, we focus on taxation, planning and stability, safety, project construction, typical topics such as private facts presentation and interaction, and towns currently exist in the in-depth analysis of the problems to be solved, to explore new methods to solve the problem. It can be said that summing up the achievement, no grandstanding; analysis promotion of employment, form a reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution, build a more fair and sustainable social security systems, medical and health system reform. The plenary, innovation of social governance, must focus on the maintenance of fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, maximize factors, enhance social development, improving social governance, the interests of national security, ensure that the people live and work, social stability and order. o improve social governance, stimulating social organization, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, improving the public security system, set up the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy to ensure national security. Plenary session, the construction of ecological civilization, you must establish systems of ecological system, using the system to protect the ecological environment. o improve natural resources asset property right system and use control, red line of delimitation of ecological protection, resources paid use system and ecological compensation system in ecological environment protection management system reform. Plenary session, centering on building a listening party command, can win and having a fine style of the people's army, a strong army under the new situation of the party Goals, restricting the development of national defense and army building is solved outstanding contradictions and problems, innovation and development of military theory, enhance military strategic guidance, improve the military strategy in the new period, building a modern military force system with Chinese characteristics. o deepen the adjustment of personnel system reform in the army, military policy and system reform, promote the development of military and civilian integration depth. Plenary session stressed that comprehensive reform must be to strengthen and improve the party's leadership, give full play to the core role of the party commands the overall situation and coordinating all parties, improving the party's leading water ... Margin. Challenged the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong thought by Deng Xiao-ping's flag, replaced by three representatives and the harmonic society. The former Communist Party spirit and social cohesion point of almost all political makeover. Characteristics of socialism public ownership is shifting to private ownership, planned regulation and market regulation, the proletarian regime controlled by the elite. Of universal equality, fairness and basic principles of distribution system is socialist society, however after economic monopolized by powerful, vested interests grow, employers do not have the same status, hardly seems fair social distribution. State key protection of capital interests rather than the interests of citizens, had been hits the bottom of the proletariat5、加热炉的节能措施:1）板坯直接入炉加热，充分利用板坯显热；2）炉顶和上部侧墙采用耐火纤维，下部炉墙复合绝热；3）设置中间门和出料门以及炉底渣门并有效密封，减少开口辐射热损失；4）换热器回收烟气余热，空气预热温度（烧嘴前）约为500℃；5）炉辊双层包扎，减少炉辊冷却水带走的热损失；6）利用二级系统的在线数学模型实现最佳化控制。 6、无头轧制或半无头轧制的特点： 1）可生产超薄带钢和宽而薄的带钢，拓宽产品大纲而不降低收得率； 2）稳定轧制条件以利于产品质量和收得率； 3）消除了与穿带和甩尾有关的麻烦，大大降低了轧材的废品率，提高了收得率和生存率。 7、薄板坯连铸连轧的工艺优化方向: 1）确定合理的薄板坯规格尺寸，建立以降低临界压缩比为主要标志的流程“紧凑化”； 2）力求产品专业化、系列化，甚至以热轧超薄带卷与同规格的冷轧薄板相竞争； 3）促成各工序/装备在作业时间上的“在线”/“离线”控制协同化； 4）实现生产、管理、经营系统的信息集成。 8、薄板坯连铸连轧流程，在线-离线协调的内涵？P288 1）流程短——即压缩比的“临界”优化； 2）工序间传搁、等待时间的最小化； 3）工序间降温损失的最小化协调； 4）工序见时间（时钟推进）——温度协调优化基础上的最佳物流流量； 5）工序装置“在线”/“离线”的协同化和利用率； 6）工序间生产体（如：钢液、铸坯、轧件等）的收得率最大化。 即：物流通过时间的“最小化”（min/t）；系统能耗的“最小化”（kJ/t）；最大的工艺设备“在线率”（%）；投资额、投资效率的优化（元/t）。 9、薄板坯连铸连轧的质量优势：薄板坯连铸连轧技术除了其短流程、近终形、节约能源、低成本的优势以外，另一个重要的优点就是质量好。薄板坯的原始铸态组织晶粒就比传统板坯更细、更均匀。原始组织精细为最终组织的细化创造了条件。同时，由于冷却强度大，板坯的微观偏析也可以得到较大的改善，分布也更均匀。因此，产品的性能均匀、稳定。 10、液芯压下的优点： 1）改善表面质量：结晶器厚度增大、弯月面稳定性好、润滑更好； 2）改善内部质量：中心偏析和疏松减小、柱状晶破碎、晶粒细化； 3）生产灵活性：铸机可按最合理的方式进行生产。 11、薄板坯连铸连轧压下规程：1)第一架轧机由于来料厚度过大（传统热连轧一般40mm一下，而薄板坯连铸为50mm），为了有利于稳定咬入，通常压下率较小，在40%以下； 2)其他道次压下率可以很大，最大可以达到60%； 3)终轧和终轧前道次的压下率逐渐减小，终轧道次压下率可达到20%~50%以下； 4)终轧前道次压下率可达30%~35%以下； 5)对于极薄规格的产品，为使板形好和尺寸精度高，压下率可以稍小，控制在15%以下。 1、典型的薄板坯连铸连轧工艺：CSP、ISP、FTSRQ（FTSC）、CONROLL、TSP、CPR、QSP。 2、炉子的类型：辊底式隧道加热炉、步进梁式加热炉。 3钢水纯净度：取决于脱氧操作，精炼效果，和二次氧化的程度。 4薄板坯连铸连轧工艺特点： 1）工艺简化，设备减少，生产线缩短；2）生产周期短；3）节约能源，提高成材率。 bviously, face China's Socialist system, the Communist Party is not the party. In that case, political chaos has been very tight. Is remodeling or reconstruction, is a correction or a stove. Whether to turn right or left, is back to the source or put forward new political ideas. This is to determine the road problems in China, is also the key out of the deep water of the reform of the economic system. After 18, the new Central collective leadership attaches great importance to political orientation. First, the \cles\starting point, starting from the Central Government's self-restraint, which preaches and pro-image, brought fresh feeling to the community. Secondly, before reform and opening up and reform and opening two periods after non-negative, untying the tangle of the society a long time on this issue. Third, a new generation of party leaders on various occasions to Mao Ze-Dong and Mao Ze-Dong's thought of evaluation has room for manoeuvre, through to the ruling ideology of Mao Zedong thought, is the call of the soul to the Socialist Revolution and construction. Empty talks jeopardize national interests and try again, is an affirmation of Deng Xiao-ping's reform ideas. These strong political signal showing a new generation of political leaders is still keeping to the Socialist road. Four is revisiting the \o Ze-Dong's historical cycle of\ofile anti-corruption and the importance of the Constitution, reorganization is bad style of officialdom, was to civilize people obey the law, while improving the color change of the regime of vigilance. Five is to reform into deeper waters and stressed that top-level design, this is a review on the reform and opening up in the past, is also looking for a way out. Six foreign and Russia closer, the flexible attitude on the issue of the Korean peninsula, Sino-Japanese fishing hardline China on the island out of the \nt\ow profile shadow began to gradually plan development. Signs show that the new leadership began to make a left turn in politics. However, as of right now, not only ideological confusion in the community, the new leadership's thinking is messy. New leaders both stressed the need to implement the Constitution, stressed the need to turn off the power in a cage. Also stresses that Mao Zedong thought cannot be lost, 30 years after the reform and opening up 30 years ago can not deny each other. Both advocate democracy and release \n does not speak of\cal constraints. Neither deny the history of the CPC Central Committee on several issues ... Comrades: today brings together members, mainly in order to provide a platform to Exchange and learn from each other in order to facilitate our work. Just now, we focus on taxation, planning and stability, safety, project construction, typical topics such as private facts presentation and interaction, and towns currently exist in the in-depth analysis of the problems to be solved, to explore new methods to solve the problem. It can be said that summing up the achievement, no grandstanding; analysis