2018年高考第一次联考江苏卷英语（有答案） - 图文

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A. On September 25th. B. On October 12th. C. On October 25th. …………○○……………………… _……__…线__线…__……__……__……__……__……__…○__○…__……_…：…号……考……_……__…订__订…__……__……__……__……__……：…○级○…班……__……__……__……__……__…装__装…_：……名……姓……_……__……__…○__○…__……__……__……_：……校……学…外 内… …… …… …… …… …… …○ …○……… ………………………2018年第一次全国大联考【江苏卷】

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20 分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 1. What was the weather like when Beth was at the beach?

A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 2. What will the man do next Friday?

A. Attend a party. B. Go on a business trip. C. E-mail the woman a report. 3. What does Nick do?

A. A website designer. B. A computer salesman. C. A school teacher. 4. Where are the speakers?

A. In the woman’s house. B. In a bookstore. C. In a restaurant. 5. What are the speakers talking about?

A. A restaurant. B. The man’s job. C. The man’s pay. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What is the woman’s opinion about the T-shirts for 12 dollars?

A. They are expensive. B. They are satisfying. C. They are ugly. 7. What does the woman decide to do in the end?

A. Have lunch. B. Go to another shop. C. Buy a cheaper T-shirt. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. Why did the man go to San Francisco on vacation?

A. To meet a friend. B. To visit his sister. C. To tour a university. 9. What did the woman do on her vacation?

A. She studied at college. B. She did some shopping. C. She stayed with a friend. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What is the relationship between the speakers?

A. Teacher and student. B. Interviewer and interviewee. C. Colleagues. 11. Where is the woman now?

A. In Japan. B. In America. C. In Britain. 12. What is the woman weak in?

A. Computers. B. Languages. C. Organizing activities. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What are the speakers talking about?

A. Their spare time in the evenings.B. Their habits of going on the Internet. C. Disadvantages of going on the Internet.

14. What does the woman spend most of her time doing online?

A. Reading useless information. B. Carrying out research. C. Doing her homework. 15. What does the woman think of the chat rooms online?

A. Useful. B. Unreliable. C. Boring. 16. What do the speakers decide to do together this evening?

A. Finish their college work. B. Play computer games. C. Watch a film. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. When was the sweater bought?

英语试题 第1页（共12页） 18. What is the speaker’s problem with the sweater?

A. It was the wrong size. B. It was washed in a wrong way. C. It became out of shape. 19. What does the speaker mainly complain about?

A. The price. B. The service. C. The quality. 20. Who is the speaker probably speaking to?

A. A manager. B. A shop assistant. C. A member of the helpline staff. 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）

第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 21. —I love online shopping. I think many things on the Net are quite good. —____________ Some of them are of low quality beyond expectation.

A. That’s for sure. B. It’s not the case.C. I couldn’t agree more. D. I’m pleased to know that. 22. —John is said to be in a job paying over $10,000 ____________ year. —Yes, he will be paid by ____________ week. A. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a; a

23. ____________, these gases account for nearly half the amount of greenhouse gas emissions. A. Disturbingly B. Slightly C. Exactly D. Flexibly

24. As the saying goes, all pains help to make us rise, ____________ much we may hate them at the time. A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever

25. When it came to online games, my deskmate asked me a question ____________ I had played ____________ he called Angry Birds. A. that; which B. whether; that C. whether; what D. that; where

26. The dictionary I bought yesterday is far from cheap. But actually I would willingly have paid ________ for it. A. as much twice B. much as twice C. as twice much D. twice as much

27. The entire book detailedly analyzes all the essential concepts of computer system from a programmer’s ____________.

A. perspective B. priority C. participation D. privilege 28. We ____________ solving international dispute by negotiation, instead of appealing to arms. A. advocate B. admit C. assess D. approach 29. My money ____________. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I’ve none in hand. A. has run out

B. is running out

C. has been run out

D. is being run out

30. It is marvelous for children to have a harmonious school, ____________ teachers treat students like their own. A. why B. that C. which D. where 31. Let’s ____________ some of those words mentioned above so that you can get a better idea of what I mean. A. go over

B. get over

C. take over

D. turn over

32. Hurry up! The concert will begin at half past eight. The performers ____________ half an hour when you

arrive.

A. will be playing

B. will have played

C. are playing

D. have played

33. What’s your opinion about the requirement that an MBA student ____________ working experience? A. has B. will have C. have D. would have

34. I had to admit the fact that the ring was ____________, and it was no use ____________ over spilled milk. A. lost; cry B. lost; crying C. losing; to cry D. losing; cry 35. Not until they had a heart-to-heart talk with me ____________. A. I had realized my mistake B. had I realized my mistake

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C. I realized my mistake D. did I realize my mistake 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 When Eric Darko arrived in Seattle from Ghana to participate in a professional leadership exchange program in 2015, he had no idea that his visit would be 36 — not only for himself, but also for the people in his community back 37 .

The 33-year-old biochemist, who 38 in a regional office of the Food and Drugs Authority, a state agency in Ghana, 39 being ＂moved＂ by the experience of volunteering at Northwest Harvest, Washington’s only statewide non-profit 40 distributor.

＂I had never seen a food bank before. The 41 of hungry people coming in and picking up food really 42 me,＂ Mr. Darko says. ＂I am the kind of person who likes 43 . I remember saying in our closing meeting I would open a food bank in Ghana.＂

Five months ago, he kept his 44 , launching Eastern Harvest Food Bank in the New Juaben Municipality of the Eastern Region of Ghana. It’s believed to be the first food bank in the country with warehouse operations.

Ghana is a country of about 28 million people. Despite its relatively small size, it 45 a fast-growing economy because of natural 46 such as gold, diamonds, and oil. It also has a strong agricultural sector, and the government is pushing more 47 in vegetable production.

Over the years, the government has made 48 gains in fighting hunger. Yet even with much progress, food 49 remains a problem.

With two assistants helping Darko as well as volunteers, Eastern Harvest Food Bank is 50 on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. It provides people 51 — generally local residents who are age 50 or older — with 52 such as rice, beans, tomato paste, sugar and 53 else. Since its launch, Eastern Harvest Food Bank has 54 more than 2,400 people.＂Some days we run out of food,＂ Darko admits. ＂We need more 55 .＂

So far at least 54 volunteers, some of whom work for the Municipal Nutrition Office, have given their time to help distribute food. And some return with donations. 36. A. life-threatening B. ever-lasting C. wonder-working D. life-changing 37. A. home B. yard C. stage D. street 38. A . manages B. operates C. works D. belongs 39. A. enjoys B. recalls C. suggests D. reports 40. A. food bank B. hospital C. church D. school 41. A. sound B. sight C. scenery D. expectation 42. A. puzzled B. satisfied C. touched D. varied 43. A. taking B. sightseeing C. touring D. giving 44. A. intention B. budget C. promise D. attempt 45. A. lacks B. possesses C. locates D. provides 46. A. resources B. sources C. origins D. boundaries 47. A. strength B. value C. measure D. growth 48. A. imaginary B. impressive C. imaginative D. impossible 49. A. production B. shortage C. quality D. quantity 50. A. packed B. crowded C. valid D. open 51. A. in charge B. in chief C. in need D. in danger 52. A. basics B. vegetables C. fruits D. facilities 53. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 54. A. fed B. raised C. inspired D. absorbed

英语试题 第3页（共12页） 55. A. collections B. possessions C. donations D. agreements

第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

2018 FIRST Robotics Competition Game — FIRST POWER UPSM

The adventure begins on January 6, 2018. Play for real! Combining the excitement of sport with the rigors(严酷) of science and technology. We call FIRST Robotics Competition the ultimate Sport for the Mind. High-school student participants call it ＂the hardest fun you’ll ever have＂. Team Basics

The really cool thing about FIRST Robotics Competition is…all skill levels are welcomed and needed, technical or non-technical. Read more about team basics, time frame, commitment, and skills required. Cost & Registration

What does it cost to participate? There are costs involved with forming a FIRST Robotics Competition team and they can vary from team to team and region to region depending on what level of participation the team chooses.

Here are some basic cost standards:

There are never any ＂per student＂ fees; all costs for individual team members are assumed by the team as a group.

The annual fees for team registration, a robot kit of parts, and event participation are $5,000 — $6,000. Additional costs for travel, food, team shirts and other optional items will vary. Scholarships

A big advantage to participating in FIRST is gaining access to millions in college scholarships made available by colleges, universities, and corporations who support FIRST. This is exclusive financial help open only to FIRST team members, giving them a competitive leg up on other students seeking educational funds. 56. What is really attractive about FIRST Robotics Competition?

A. All skill levels are welcomed. B. Only high-level teams are welcomed. C. You’ll ever have the hardest fun. D. It connects science with technology. 57. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined part? A. A helping hand. B. A hard blow. C. A big advantage. D. A wake-up call.

B

The name ＂rhino＂ calls up the image of a prehistoric beast, a huge creature with armor(盔甲) skin. This image is not surprising, since these intelligent and affectionate creatures have inhabited the Earth for 60 million years.

An extinct species of rhino that lived in Mongolia, was the largest land mammal of all time. This hornless rhinoceros stood 18 feet at the shoulder, was 27 feet long, and probably weighed 25 tons, four times as much as today’s African bull elephant. This species probably died out because of climate change.

The rhino may be the source of the belief in unicorns（独角兽）, legendary animals whose horn was said to be a wonder drug for all types of diseases. In 1298, the Venetian explorer Marco Polo described Sumatran rhinos as unicorns saying:

＂There are wild elephants in the country, and numerous unicorns, which are very nearly as big. They have hair like that of a buffalo, feet like those of an elephant, and a horn in the middle of the forehead, which is black and very thick.＂

Today, all five species of rhinos are close to extinction. The rate of their decline is truly astonishing: in the decade of the 1970s alone, half the world’s rhino population disappeared. Today, less than 15 per cent of the 1970 population remains, an estimated 10,000 to 11,000 worldwide.

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………… ………………○……○……… ……… ……… ………内 外……… 此………………………○………卷○………………只………装……装装………………订…………○……○……………不…………订……密…订……………封…………○……○…………… ………………线…线………………………○………○……………………… …… ……… ………

………………○○……………………… _……__…线__线…__……__……__……__……__……__…○__○…__……_…：…号……考……_……__…订__订…__……__……__……__……__……：…○级○…班……__……__……__……__……__…装__装…_：……名……姓……_……__……__…○__○…__……__……__……_：……校……学…外 内… …… …… …… …… …… …○ …○……… ………………………The Javan and Sumatran rhinos are near extinction. Indian rhinos may be coming back from the brink(边缘). Of the two African species, the white rhino has rebounded（回弹） from near extinction. (Contrary to its name, the white rhino is not really white. Its name is a mistaken translation of the Dutch word ＂wijde＂, which means ＂wide＂ and refers to the rhino’s broad, square lips.)

The black rhino has not been so lucky. As recently as 1970, an estimated 65,000 black rhinos could be found throughout sub-Saharan Africa. But in eastern Africa, 90 percent of them were killed in the 1970s. Now there are fewer than 2,500 left in Zimbabwe, South Africa, Kenya, Namibia, and Tanzania. 58. Why is the Venetian explorer Marco Polo’s saying mentioned? A. To show people that Sumatran rhinos are unicorns.

B. To tell readers that wild elephants are as big as unicorns. C. To prove the wonderful effect of the horn of the rhino. D. To describe what Sumatran rhinos were like then.

59. According to the 5th paragraph, how many rhinos were there in 1970? A. 10,000 to 11,000. B. More than 11,000. C. At least nearly 67,000. D. At least 73,000.

60. About the black rhino and the white rhino, we can safely say ____________.

A. both are endangered to the same degreeB. the white rhino has white hair all over the body C. there are more black rhinos left nowD. the black rhino is in danger of dying out now

C

A 60-year-old homeless woman named Smokie has been sleeping outside in the dirt a few doors down from a man named Elvis Summers.

Most mornings, she stops by Elvis’s Los Angeles apartment and asks if he has any recyclables for her. Through these conversation, they established a friendship.

One morning, Elvis saw a news article about a man in Oakland who has been making tiny houses out of rejected material. He was inspired to put off paying a few bills so he could buy the lumber(废旧家具) and hardware to make Smokie a brand new shelter. It took him five days to build, and now, for the first time in ten years, Smokie has a place to hang the sign, ＂Home Sweet Home.＂

＂I had nowhere to really build it, so I just built it in the street outside of my apartment,＂ he told Good News Network. ＂The local LAPD cops have been super cool, and have told me they support it — as long as we move it to a different spot every 72 hours.＂

He made a video showing how he did it. The materials, including two locks on the front door and wheels for moving it around, cost him about $500.

＂I’ve met so many homeless people, good people,＂ Elvis said in an email. ＂Since I built Smokie’s, several people asked me to make them a tiny home and it’s turned into much more than just the one house I wanted to build.＂

Although he runs an online retail store that sells EDM clothing, he decided to launch an ambitious project to fund more shelters. He plans to get lighter and cheaper materials — without sacrificing the strength of the house — for the next round. Rick Sassen, the branch manager at supply company Allied Building kindly donated the roof shingles(木瓦板) and cedar siding(雪松壁板) for Smokie’s house, final items Elvis couldn’t afford on his own. Sassen has promised to work out a deal on future building materials for the same cause.

＂I’d like to offer purpose to these people in need and hire them to build the houses with me. I’ve even set an appointment with LA’s Mayor Eric Garcetti to try and get his help,＂said Elvis. ＂The city owns or controls many properties which are just sitting collecting dust and could be used, even temporarily, to help save lives.＂ Because Elvis qualifies for a free phone through the free phone program, he’s given his device to Smokie and helps her keep it charged. She has been using it to contact her family.

＂Now if I could just get her to stop using the radio on the phone so much, it wouldn’t always be dead and 英语试题 第5页（共12页） need charging so often,＂he said laughing.

61. Where did Elvis’s inspiration to build a tiny house come from? A. A news report. B. A science book. C. A fictional story. D. An advertisement. 62. What’s the main feature of the tiny house?

A. It’s air-conditioned. B. It’s very light. C. It can be moved. D. It has no roof. 63. What can be inferred from the 7th paragraph?

A. Elvis will get help from poor people. B. Elvis earns his living by building houses. C. Elvis plans to build stronger houses. D. Elvis will help more homeless people. 64. What can be learned about the phone mentioned in the text?

A. It can’t be used to listen to the radio programme. B. Smokie often uses it to keep in touch with her family. C. It belongs to Smokie and costs some money to use.D. Elvis has no privilege to use it free at present.

D

After the West Nile virus appeared on the U.S. East Coast in 1999, it spread across the entire country in just a few years, sickening thousands of people and striking down whole flocks of robins, crows, and other birds. Now, a new study suggests the mosquito-borne virus may have had an unexpected helper: light pollution. Birds infected with West Nile can spread the virus twice as long when they are exposed to night light, according to a study presented here over the weekend at the annual meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology.

The work ＂shows that light pollution is not only bad for our daily rhythms, but also can affect disease prevalence and transmission,＂ says Jenny Ouyang, an integrative physiologist at the University of Nevada in Reno. ＂Perhaps infection in humans and other animals is also affected by light,＂ adds Yale University epidemiologist(流行病学家) Durland Fish. (Neither Ouyang nor Fish were involved in the study.)

West Nile is primarily a bird virus, but people occasionally get infected because some bird-biting mosquitoes dine on human blood as well. Human infections can cause fevers, body aches, rashes, diarrhea, long-term fatigue, and, in some cases, inflammation of the brain and its membranes(膜). In the United States, almost 2,000 people have died from West Nile since its arrival.

Because birds play such a key role in West Nile’s epidemiology, bird health is an important topic, says Meredith Kernbach, an ecoimmunologist at the University of South Florida in Tampa. Extra light at night is known to increase birds’ levels of corticosteroids(皮质类固醇) and other stress hormones, which in turn can affect the animals’ health. So Kernbach decided to see whether city life makes birds more susceptible to disease.

She and her colleagues infected about 50 house sparrows with the West Nile virus; they left a dim light on at night in half the birds’ cages, whereas the other half spent the night in complete darkness. The team watched both groups for disease symptoms and monitored their body weight and blood levels of virus and stress hormones.

In both groups, most birds got sick and became infectious within 2 days, and almost half died. Those exposed to light didn’t get sicker, or stay sick longer. But they did remain infectious for a longer period of time, the team reported at the meeting.

Previous research had shown that after an average of 2 days, a bird’s immune system beats back a West Nile virus infection to levels low enough that biting mosquitoes no longer get infected with the virus. That’s what happened with the ＂dark night＂ group in this study. But in the birds exposed to light, viral concentrations remained high for 2 more days, Kernbach reported. ＂This doubles the infectious period, which may double the number of infected mosquitoes,＂ she says. As a result, adds Fish, ＂we expect to have greater disease transmission in urban areas.＂ More transmission could translate into more cases of West Nile disease both in humans and in birds.

Kernbach and her colleagues had thought that the light would stress out the birds and that this might lower their resistance to West Nile. But the blood tests indicated that the birds were not more stressed; their stress response systems remained intact. Kernbach suspects that instead, the light may have altered levels of another

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hormone, melatonin(褪黑素), which may also have an influence on immune responses.

Light pollution occurs in the country as well, Kernbach warns, so it’s not just city dwellers who may be at increased risk of West Nile. ＂Humans may be influencing infectious disease dynamics to a level far greater than we thought.＂

Clinton Francis, an ecologist at the California Polytechnic State University in San Luis Obispo, agrees.

＂The ways that we influence sensory environments — whether it’s with sound or light — can have all sorts of unintended consequences,＂ he says.

65. What’s the direct reason for people to get infected with West Nile? A. Mosquitoes dine on human blood. B. Mosquitoes bite infectious birds. C. Human closely contact with birds. D. West Nile fill in the air all the time. 66. According to the experiment, which of the following is a fact? A. All birds got sick and became infectious within 2 days. B. Those birds which are exposed to light didn’t get sick.

C. Those birds exposed to light remain infectious for a shorter time. D. Mosquitoes biting ＂dark night＂ birds failed to get infected.

67. Why do Fish expect people to have greater transmission in urban areas?

A. Urban areas are more populated to some degree.B. People there usually lack exercise. C. People there are easily exposed to light pollution.

D. There are more people keeping birds as pets in urban areas.

68. How does light affect birds according to Kernbach and her colleagues?

A. The light makes the birds feel more stressed.B. The light lower birds’ resistance to West Nile. C. The light get the level of melatonin changed.D. Melatonin has nothing to do with immune system. 69. According to Clinton Francis, what should we do to protect ourselves? A. Get along well with others. B. Avoid too much noise and light. C. Make it a rule to walk. D. Keep away from birds. 70. What would be the best title of the passage?

A. The West Nile virus appeared on the U.S. East Coast

B. Light pollution may promote the spread of the West Nile virus C. Mosquitoes are to blame for the spread of the West Nile virus D. How to prevent the spread of the West Nile virus

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