（word完整版）新版牛津译林8BUnit2知识点和语法讲解（语法讲解的很好，有讲有练）,推荐文档

I brought______ ________ ________ key rings for my classmates.

答案：1 Have been, haven’t been to; 2 have been in ; 3 could not stop taking; 4 screaming laughing through; 5 hurried to , quick meal; 6At the end of; 7 a couple of

二、语法讲解

一、专题精讲

知识点1:have/ has been to, have/ has gone to, have/ has been in的区别 （1）have/ has been to：曾经去过，强调以往的经历。如： The old man has been to Egypt when he was young.

（2）have/ has gone to：去了某地，强调还没有回来。如： ---Where is your uncle? --- He has gone to the supermarket. （3）have/ has been in：待在某地，住在某地。如：

例 ：用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。 A: Where ____________ Li Fei ___________? B: He ____________ to Hainan Island.

A: How long ___________ he ___________ there? B: He _____________ there for three days. A: When will he come back, do you know? B: I’m afraid he won’t come back recently. A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I _________ never ___________ there.

A: How many times ___________ Li Fei __________ to that place? B: He _____________ there only once.

Keys: has, gone , has gone, has, been, has been ,have ,been , has ,been, has been.

知识点2: since和 for 的用法区别和联系 (1)since的用法

A. since后可加时间点例：They have been here since last week.

B. since引导时间状语从句时，后面的时间状语从句动词用一般过去时，主句动词用现在完成时

例：They have learned English since they were 10 years old.

(2)for的用法：for后加一段时间。They have learned English for ten years. (3)since 和 for 用法的相互转换：for +一段时间= since+ 一段时间+ ago

They have learned English for ten years. = They have learned English since ten years ago. (4)对since和for的提问用how long。如： ---How long have you been in Nanjing? ----For three years. / Since three years ago.

例：用for, since, ago填空。

1. Sally has been away from London ________ last Saturday.

2. Our school has changed a lot ________ the new building was built. 3. Tommy has had this motorcycle ________ three years. 4. I have been in Nanjing ________ eight years.

5. My parents has been married since twenty years ________. 6. My cousin joined the army three months ________. 1. since 2. since 3. for 4. for 5. ago 6. ago

知识点3:延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法

（1）现在完成时与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，非延续性动词不能和一段时间连用。如：翻译：这本书我从图书馆已经借了两个多星期了。 误：I have already borrowed the book for over two weeks. 正：I have already kept the book for over two weeks.

（2）非延续性动词与一段时间状语连用时可采用将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词的方式。如：come—be here；go—be there; die--be dead; borrow--keep; buy--have; join--be in(be a member);leave--be away等。

批注：补充强调一下，非延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，只是不能与一段时间连用。

非延续性动词 borrow leave arrive/reach/get/move come/go begin/start stop/finish/end die join become open close buy fall asleep catch a cold fall ill get married get up come back 延续性动词 keep be away be in/at be in/at be on be over be dead be in/ be be open be closed have be asleep have a cold be ill be married be up be back 现在完成时形式 She has kept this book for three weeks. They have been away from home for two days. Kitty has been in Hong Kong for a month. My mum has been in Beijing for two months. The film has been on for an hour. The meeting has been over for two hours. The lamb has been dead for some time. Simon has been a member of the Football Club How long has your sister been a teacher? The shop has been open for ten hours. The market has been closed since 2010. He has had this motorcycle for two years. The dog has been asleep for several hours. How long have you had a cold? Mike has been ill for ten years. They have been married for fifteen years. They have been up for two hours. The lost cat has been back since last night. go out be out The old man has been out since last Friday. 批注：加粗的部分是书面后面补充的，可根据学生的情况进行删减。

例1：

—Do you miss your parents far away?

—Yes, very much. They the hometown for over two years. A. left B. have left C. were away from D. have been away from

解析: 考查动词的时态。从句中的for over two years 可知谓语动词是现在完成时表示时间段的延续动词。leave 是瞬间动词，应变成其延续动词“be+形容词”形式。 故选D。 例2：

Alice in Wonderland ________ for 15 days and many of us like the film very much. A. begins B. has begun C. began D has been on

解析: 考查动词的时态。从句中的 for 15 days 可知谓语动词是现在完成时表示时间段的延续动词。begin是瞬间动词，应变成其延续动词“be+形容词”形式。 故选D。 例3：

British Prince William(威廉王子) and Kate _________ for nearly two months.

A. married B. have married C. have been married D. have got married

解析: 考查动词的时态。从句后的for nearly two months 可知谓语动词是现在完成时表示时间段的延续动词。marry 是瞬间动词，应变成其延续动词“be+形容词”形式。 故选C. 例4：

Could you tell me how long __________ the football club? A. you have joined B. have you joined C. you have been in D. have you been in

解析：该句是一个含有宾语从句的句子，从句必须用陈述语序，故排除B、D；join不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，故答案选C。

二、专题过关

检测题（一）用所给词的正确形式填空 1. —Would you like some bananas?

—No, thanks. I (eat) one already. 2. ---Turn off the radio, dear. Baby is sleeping. ---There is no need. He ________(wake) up.

3. Jerry, it’s the third time that you __________ (forget) to bring your math book.

4. Jack and John___________________ (not speak) to each other for nearly five years before they become friends again.

5. The Greens (collect) more than 1000 old clocks and watches in the past 5 years. 6.－Do the old soldiers from Taiwan enjoy the welcome party ?

－Yes. They are so excited to see their friends again. Most of them ________(not see) each other since 1949.

7. She __________ (live) in this city for years .

8. He has long wished to go to Dalian on business, but he ________ (not have) the chance yet. 9. By the time he gets home, his wife ________ (do) all the housework.. 10. They _________ (eat) up all the food, but they still feel hungry.

答案：have eaten; has waken; have forgotten; haven’t spoken; have collected; haven’t seen; has lived; hasn’t had; has done; have eaten;

检测题（二）：同义句转换

1) They borrowed it last week.

They ____ ______it since ______ _______. 2) I bought a pen two hours ago.

I ______ ______a pen for ______ _______. 3)He has gone to Beijing.

He _____ ______ ______ Beijing for two days. 4)He joined the league in 2002.

He _____ ______ a _________ ______ the ________ for two years. 5) My grandpa died in 2002.

My grandpa _______ _____ ______for _______ ________. 6）The shop closed two hours ago.

The shop _______ ________ ______ for ________ _________. 7）The door opened at six in the morning.

The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours. 答案：1. have kept , last week; 2. have had , two hours; 3.has been to; 4.has been ,member of, league; 5.has been dead 12years;6.has been closed, two hours 7.has been open