2003-2009年度全国职称外语等级考试试卷理工类A级真题与答案 - 图文

2009年职称英语考试理工类A级真题

第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1 Why can't you stop your eternal complaining?

A everlasting B long C temporary D boring 2 Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.

A shaken B damaged C fallen D jumped 3 These paintings are considered by many to be authentic.

A faithful B royal C genuine D sincere 4 Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics. A attraction B simplicity C power D rigor 5 Ten years after the event, her death still remains a puzzle. A mist B fog C mystery D secret 6 John was irritated by the necessity for polite conversation,

A annoyed B troubled C angered D aroused 7 Academic records cannot be duplicated.

A borrowed B purchased C rewritten D copied

8 The emphasis on the importance of education has spurred scientific research A fastened B encouraged C raised D initiated 9 We have ample money for the journey

A some B little C extra D enough 10 The doctor's pills worked marvels for me.

A patients B miracles C illness D recovery 11 Mary's perpetual moaning nearly drove me mad.

A monotonous B endless C serious D bitter 12 It was hard to say why the man deserved such shabby treatment

A old B unforgettable C funny D unfair 13 You didn't adhere to these principles.

A follow B order C prove D handle 14 The farmers also want to use the water to irrigate the barren land. A empty B hairless C bare D smooth

15 Anyone who wants to apply for a loan need read the following specifications. A expressions B warnings C instructions D advertisements 第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Water-the Issue of This Century

The world is running short of fresh water. Populations are growing bigger and

Thirstier（渴的), with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce (缺乏). Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century, while estimates suggest that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years. The World Bank report estimates that as much as half of the world's population, concentrated in Africa, the Middle East and south Asia, will face 'severe water shortages' by 2025. Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in some regions.

A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025, putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries (渔业) are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs (珊瑚礁) may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says.

The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficiently.

Fresh water consumption is rising quickly, and the availability of water in some regions is likely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.

A third of the world's population - around two billion people - live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages. That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions (制度) change to ensure better conservation and allocation of water.

China is one country where the portents (征兆) are gloomy. The most water-stressed country in East Asia, China is exploiting 44% of its usable water, a figure projected to rise to 60% by 2020. Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60% is widely considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although China's total use appears still to be reasonable, it has several basins that are severely stressed environmentally.

Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan, and will exceed them in India by 2020. In the Middle East and North Africa, only Morocco has unexploited water resources. The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers (蓄水层) - bodies of water-bearing rock - the report says. 16 It is estimated that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

17 Most developed countries will face water shortages in 20 years. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

18 Most of the world's population may live within 100km of the sea in 2025. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

19 Almost all coral reefs may disappear in 100 years. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

20 Some species of fish in the Atlantic are at dangerously low levels. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

21 The World Bank report implies that urgent action should be taken to protect water supplies. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

22 India exceeds environmental limits for water use. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Chimpanzees

1 Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) will soon be extinct (灭绝). If the present rate of hunting and habitat (栖息地) destruction continues, then within 20 years, there will be no chimpanzees living in the wild. But this is more than an environmental or moral tragedy (悲剧). Chimpanzee extinction may also have profound implications (含意) for the survival of their distant relatives - human beings.

2 In 1975 the biologist Marie-Claire King and Allan Wilson discovered that the human and chimpanzee genomes (基因组) match by over 98%. Compare this to the mouse,

used as model for human disease in lab tests, which shares only 60% of its DNA with us. In fact, chimpanzees are far more similar to humans than they are to any other species of monkey. As well as resembling us genetically, chimps are highly intelligent and able to use tools. These facts alone should be enough to make protection of chimps an urgent priority (优先). But there is another, more selfish reason to preserve the chimp.

3 The chimpanzees' trump card (王牌) comes in the field of medical research. Chimpanzees are so similar to humans that veterinarians (兽医) often refer to human medical textbooks when treating them. Yet chimpanzees do show differences in several key areas. In particular, chimps are much more resistant to a number of major diseases. It is this ability that is so interesting.

4 For example, chimps seem to show a much higher resistance than humans to HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Indeed, their use as experimental animals in AIDS research has declined because they are so resistant.

5 By sequencing the chimp genome and pinpointing (找到) the place where the chimpanzee DNA sequence differs from that of humans, scientists hope to be able to discover which part of the genetic code gives chimps their increased resistance to some diseases. This, they hope, will allow them to develop new and more effective treatments for the human forms of these diseases. Such treatments could include the production of new drugs or even the alteration (改变) of the human genetic sequence. The recently completed human genome sequencing project has shown that such an effort is now well within our reach. 23 Paragraph 1 . 24 Paragraph 2 . 25 Paragraph 3 . 26 Paragraph 4 . A Reasons for HIV resistance

B Implications of chimpanzee extinction for humans C Effective AIDS treatment

D Genetic similarities between chimps and humans E Chimps' resistance to HIV

F Genetic differences between chimps and\ 27 Chimpanzee extinction may affect .

28 There is a difference of less than 2% between the chimp and .

29 Scientists suspect that genes play a significant role in protecting chimps from getting .

30 The discovery of the genetic code of chimps will be helpful to . A some human disease treatments B some diseases C human survival D human genomes E key areas

F healthier lifestyle

第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

31 The \ A fight for freedom.