车辆工程毕业设计90东风EQ1135F19D中型货车膜片弹簧离合器设计 - 图文

摘 要

汽车离合器位于发动机和变速箱之间的飞轮壳内，用螺钉将离合器总成固定在飞轮的后平面上，离合器的输出轴就是变速箱的输入轴。在汽车行驶过程中，驾驶员可根据需要踩下或松开离合器踏板，使发动机与变速箱暂时分离和逐渐接合，以切断或传递发动机向变速器输入的动力。目前，各种汽车广泛采用的摩擦离合器是一种依靠主从动部分之间的摩擦来传递动力且能分离的装置。

本设计主要是对中型货车的膜片式弹簧离合器进行设计。根据车辆使用条件和车辆参数，按照离合器系统的设计步骤和要求，首先进行了基本参数的选择，其次对零部件设计：压盘、离合器盖、弹性传动片，分离装置，以及从动盘、从动片和从动盘毂，操纵机构，扭转减震器中的螺旋弹簧的设计。根据各零部件的工作条件，并对其进行了相关校核。确保所设计的离合器能最大限度传递发动机的输出转矩。

关键词：压盘；膜片弹簧；摩擦片；操纵机构；离合器

I

ABSTRACT

Automobile clutch gearbox is located between the engine and flywheel shell, with screw assembly will be fixed in the clutch after the plane of the flywheel, clutch gearbox output shaft is the input shaft. In the car, the driver can be down or release the clutch pedal, so that the temporary separation of the engine and gearbox, and the gradual bonding to cut off or transfer the engine to the transmission input power. At present, widely used in all kinds of cars on friction clutch is a moving part of the friction between the subordinate to transfer power and can separate device.

This design is mainly to the medium truckloads of diaphragm type spring clutch on the design. According to the using conditions and vehicle parameters of vehicles, according to clutch system design steps and requirements, the basic parameters of the first choice, second to parts design: pressure plate, clutch cover, elastic transmission piece, separation device, and driven plate, driven plate and platen hub, operation, reverse design of the spiral spring shock absorber. According to various spare parts working conditions, and analyses the relevant respectively. Ensure that the design of the clutch can utmost transfer engine torque.

Keywords: Pressure Plate; Diaphragm Spring; Friction Disc; Control agencies;Clutch

II

目 录

摘要 ...................................................................................................................... I Abstract ............................................................................................................... II 第1章 绪论 ....................................................................................................... 1

1.1 离合器的研究背景 ................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 ....................................................................................................... 3 1.3 离合器设计的主要内容 ........................................................................................... 4

第2章 离合器方案设计及功能 ...................................................................... 5

2.1膜片弹簧离合器结构以及运动方式 ........................................................................ 5 2.2膜片弹簧离合器性能构造 ........................................................................................ 6 2.3 膜片弹簧离合器工作原理 ....................................................................................... 6 2.4 膜片弹簧离合器的优点 ........................................................................................... 6 2.5 膜片弹簧离合器设计基本要求 ............................................................................... 7 2.6 本章小结 ................................................................................................................... 7

第3章 膜片弹簧离合器零部件的结构设计 .................................................. 9

3.1 摩擦片基本结构尺寸参数的选择 ........................................................................... 9 3.2 从动盘总成设计 ..................................................................................................... 11

3.2.1 从动片设计 ................................................................................................... 11 3.2.2 从动盘毂设计 ............................................................................................... 11 3.3 压盘设计 ................................................................................................................. 13

3.3.1 压盘参数的选择和校核 ............................................................................... 13 3.3.2 传动片设计 ................................................................................................... 15 3.3.3 离合器盖设计 ............................................................................................... 16 3.4 离合器分离装置的设计 ......................................................................................... 17

3.4.1 分离轴承及分离套筒 ................................................................................... 17 3.4.2 分离轴承的设计计算 ................................................................................... 17 3.5 膜片弹簧的设计 ..................................................................................................... 18

3.5.1 膜片弹簧结构形状的特点 ........................................................................... 18 3.5.2 膜片弹簧的变形特性 ................................................................................... 19 3.5.3 膜片弹簧基本参数的选择 ........................................................................... 19 3.5.4 膜片弹簧参数的校核 ................................................................................... 21 3.5.6 膜片弹簧的强度计算 ................................................................................... 22 3.6 扭转减振器设计 ..................................................................................................... 25

3.6.1 扭转减振器的功能 ....................................................................................... 25 3.6.2 扭转减振器的结构类型的选择 ................................................................... 25 3.6.3 扭转减振器参数确定 ................................................................................... 26 3.7 本章小结 ................................................................................................................. 31

第4章 离合器操纵机构设计 ......................................................................... 32

4.1操纵机构的设计要求 .............................................................................................. 32 4.2 液压式操纵机构的结构原理 ................................................................................. 32 4.3 操纵系统周边工作环境和时间因素的影响 ......................................................... 33 4.4 离合器踏板的设计 ................................................................................................. 34 4.5 操纵系统的传动比计算 ......................................................................................... 34 4.6主缸及工作缸的设计计算 ...................................................................................... 35

4.6.1 主缸的设计 ................................................................................................... 36 4.6.2 分缸的设计 ................................................................................................... 36 4.7 本章小结 ................................................................................................................. 37

结论 .................................................................................................................... 38 参考文献 ............................................................................................................ 39 致谢 .................................................................................................................... 41 附录 ........................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。