2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题12 状语从句

二、学习状语从句应该注意的几个问题

状语从句考查热点在引导时间、地点、条件、让步、比较、原因、

目的及方式状语从句的连词及时态等方面。要选择正确的连词，需要正确理解句子的含义，准确判断主从句的逻辑关系，同时还要注意区分词义相近的连词、介词和副词。在备考中，要注意以下四点： 1．

注意连词的选用

不同的状语从句使用不同的连词，有时同一个连接词可连接不同

的从句，表示不同的意义。

如：Take your umbrella in case it should rain. 带上你的雨伞，以防下雨。(目的状语从句)

In case there's a fire, what will you do first？万一发生火灾，你首先

会做什么？(条件状语从句， in case通常在句首) 2．

注意主句和状语从句的时态

在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，从句的时态往往有一定的限

制。 一般来说，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时或现在完成时。如：

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I'll go if he invites me.

You can't leave until you have done your homework. No matter what he does, he can't get praise from his father.

3．

注意倒装语序

not until…， no sooner…than…， hardly…when…等引导的句子，

句子的主句部分的语序需要作一些调整，而状语从句用正常语序。但是as(引导让步状语从句)，no matter how等，从句部分的语序需要做些调整。如：

No sooner had she got there than she called me up. (no sooner所在部

分使用了倒装结构)

No matter how rich he is, he is not happy.

Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 注意状语从句的简化(紧缩现象)

4．

有些表示时间、地点、条件、方式或让步的状语从句，如果谓语

部分含有动词be，主语又和主句的主语一致(或相同)，或从句主语为it，常把从句中的主语和谓语动词的一部分(特别是be)省略掉。如：

Look out for cars while crossing the street. He said that he would like to offer help if necessary.

The inspector looked round, as if (he was) in search of something.

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1．

【误】 In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered

if they are going to survive.

【正】 In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if

they are to survive.

【解析】 if从句中不能用表示将来的will, be going to等，但可以

使用if sb./sth. is to do sth. 结构。 2．

【误】 You will be late unless you will leave immediately.

【正】 You will be late unless you leave immediately.

【解析】 时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将

来意义。 3．

【误】 Stay there where you are.

【正】 Stay where you are.

【解析】 where可以引导从句作地点状语，因此there是多余的，

此句也可以是：Stay in the place where you are. 此时where引导的是定语从句。 4．

【误】 Mum would not let him buy it, as if he had enough money!

【正】 Mum would not let him buy it, even if he had enough money!

【解析】 从前后两个句子之间的逻辑关系可知，应用even if。even

if即使；as if好像。

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5． 【误】 Not until I began to work I realized how much time I had

wasted.

【正】 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had

wasted.

【解析】 not until…置于句首时，主句应使用倒装。

6. 【误】 I won't agree with no matter what you may say.

【正】 I won't agree with whatever you may say.

【正】 Whatever/ No matter what you may say, I won't agree. 【解析】 whatever引导的从句作agree with的宾语，即作宾语从

句，whatever不能与no matter what替换。而引导状语从句时可替换，如第二句话。

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